MySQL

MySQL Overview

What is mcp-server-mysql?

mcp-server-mysql is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server designed to facilitate interaction between Large Language Models (LLMs) and MySQL databases. It allows LLMs to understand database structures (schemas) and perform read-only SQL queries. While primarily read-only, it offers configurable options to enable write operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) for specific use cases.

How to use mcp-server-mysql?

mcp-server-mysql can be installed and configured in several ways:

Smithery: The recommended method for easy installation and configuration.
Cursor IDE: Specific instructions are provided for integration with Cursor IDE.
Claude Code: Supports both importing from Claude Desktop (if already configured) and manual configuration via NPM/PNPM global installation or from a local repository. This includes options for setting environment variables, multi-database configurations, and choosing the right scope (local, user, project).
NPM/PNPM: Manual global installation is also supported, requiring subsequent configuration with your LLM application.
Local Repository: Users can clone the repository, install dependencies, build the project, and configure it for use with Claude Desktop.

Configuration involves setting MySQL connection details (host, port, user, password, database) and optionally enabling write operations. Advanced configuration options are available for performance, security, and monitoring.

Key Features of mcp-server-mysql

Database Access: Provides read-only access to MySQL databases for LLMs.
Schema Inspection: Enables LLMs to inspect database schemas, including table structures, column types, indexes, and relationships.
SQL Query Execution: Allows LLMs to execute SQL queries, with read-only as the default and optional support for INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations.
Security Features: Includes SQL injection prevention (prepared statements), query whitelisting/blacklisting, rate limiting, query complexity analysis, and configurable connection encryption.
Performance Optimizations: Features optimized connection pooling, query result caching, large result set streaming, and configurable query timeouts.
Monitoring and Debugging: Offers comprehensive query logging, performance metrics collection, error tracking, and health check endpoints.
Multi-DB Mode: Supports connecting to and querying multiple databases by leaving the MYSQL_DB environment variable empty.
Schema-Specific Permissions: Provides fine-grained control over database operations with schema-specific permissions for INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and DDL operations.

Use Cases of mcp-server-mysql

LLM-powered Database Interaction: Allows LLMs to understand and interact with MySQL databases for data retrieval and analysis.
Automated Data Reporting: LLMs can generate reports by querying database information.
Intelligent Database Assistants: Building AI assistants that can answer questions about database content or structure.
Data Exploration: Enabling LLMs to explore and understand unknown database schemas.
Controlled Data Modification: When write operations are enabled, LLMs can perform controlled data modifications based on specific instructions.

FAQ from mcp-server-mysql

Q: How do I enable write operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)? A: By default, write operations are disabled for security. You need to explicitly set ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION, ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION, and/or ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION to true in your configuration.
Q: What are the requirements for running mcp-server-mysql? A: Node.js v18 or higher and MySQL 5.7 or higher (8.0+ recommended). You also need a MySQL user with appropriate permissions.
Q: How can I connect to multiple databases? A: To enable multi-DB mode, leave the MYSQL_DB environment variable empty. Queries will then require schema qualification (e.g., database_name.table_name).
Q: How do I troubleshoot connection issues? A: Verify your MySQL server is running, check credentials and permissions, ensure SSL/TLS configuration is correct, and try connecting with a standard MySQL client.
Q: What if I encounter "Error [ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND]: Cannot find package 'dotenv' imported from" error? A: A workaround is to use npx -y -p @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql -p dotenv mcp-server-mysql.
Q: How can I set schema-specific permissions? A: You can use environment variables like SCHEMA_INSERT_PERMISSIONS, SCHEMA_UPDATE_PERMISSIONS, SCHEMA_DELETE_PERMISSIONS, and SCHEMA_DDL_PERMISSIONS to define permissions for specific schemas (e.g., development:true,production:false).

MySQL's README

MCP Server for MySQL based on NodeJS

Demo

A Model Context Protocol server that provides access to MySQL databases. This server enables LLMs to inspect database schemas and execute SQL queries.

Requirements

Node.js v18 or higher
MySQL 5.7 or higher (MySQL 8.0+ recommended)
MySQL user with appropriate permissions for the operations you need
For write operations: MySQL user with INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE privileges

Installation

There are several ways to install and configure the MCP server but the most common would be checking this website https://smithery.ai/server/@benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Cursor

For Cursor IDE, you can install this MCP server with the following command in your project:

Visit https://smithery.ai/server/@benborla29/mcp-server-mysql
Follow the instruction for Cursor

MCP Get provides a centralized registry of MCP servers and simplifies the installation process.

Claude Code

Option 1: Import from Claude Desktop (Recommended if already configured)

If you already have this MCP server configured in Claude Desktop, you can import it automatically:

claude mcp add-from-claude-desktop

This will show an interactive dialog where you can select your mcp_server_mysql server to import with all existing configuration.

Option 2: Manual Configuration

Using NPM/PNPM Global Installation:

First, install the package globally:

# Using npm
npm install -g @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

# Using pnpm
pnpm add -g @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Then add the server to Claude Code:

claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql \
  -e MYSQL_HOST="127.0.0.1" \
  -e MYSQL_PORT="3306" \
  -e MYSQL_USER="root" \
  -e MYSQL_PASS="your_password" \
  -e MYSQL_DB="your_database" \
  -e ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION="false" \
  -- npx @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Using Local Repository (for development):

If you're running from a cloned repository:

claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql \
  -e MYSQL_HOST="127.0.0.1" \
  -e MYSQL_PORT="3306" \
  -e MYSQL_USER="root" \
  -e MYSQL_PASS="your_password" \
  -e MYSQL_DB="your_database" \
  -e ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e PATH="/path/to/node/bin:/usr/bin:/bin" \
  -e NODE_PATH="/path/to/node/lib/node_modules" \
  -- /path/to/node /full/path/to/mcp-server-mysql/dist/index.js

Replace:

/path/to/node with your Node.js binary path (find with which node)
/full/path/to/mcp-server-mysql with the full path to your cloned repository
Update MySQL credentials to match your environment

Using Unix Socket Connection:

For local MySQL instances using Unix sockets:

claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql \
  -e MYSQL_SOCKET_PATH="/tmp/mysql.sock" \
  -e MYSQL_USER="root" \
  -e MYSQL_PASS="your_password" \
  -e MYSQL_DB="your_database" \
  -e ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION="false" \
  -- npx @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Choosing the Right Scope

Consider which scope to use based on your needs:

# Local scope (default) - only available in current project
claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql [options...]

# User scope - available across all your projects
claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql -s user [options...]

# Project scope - shared with team members via .mcp.json
claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql -s project [options...]

For database servers with credentials, local or user scope is recommended to keep credentials private.

Verification

After adding the server, verify it's configured correctly:

# List all configured servers
claude mcp list

# Get details for your MySQL server
claude mcp get mcp_server_mysql

# Check server status within Claude Code
/mcp

Multi-Database Configuration

For multi-database mode, omit the MYSQL_DB environment variable:

claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql_multi \
  -e MYSQL_HOST="127.0.0.1" \
  -e MYSQL_PORT="3306" \
  -e MYSQL_USER="root" \
  -e MYSQL_PASS="your_password" \
  -e MULTI_DB_WRITE_MODE="false" \
  -- npx @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Advanced Configuration

For advanced features, add additional environment variables:

claude mcp add mcp_server_mysql \
  -e MYSQL_HOST="127.0.0.1" \
  -e MYSQL_PORT="3306" \
  -e MYSQL_USER="root" \
  -e MYSQL_PASS="your_password" \
  -e MYSQL_DB="your_database" \
  -e MYSQL_POOL_SIZE="10" \
  -e MYSQL_QUERY_TIMEOUT="30000" \
  -e MYSQL_CACHE_TTL="60000" \
  -e MYSQL_RATE_LIMIT="100" \
  -e MYSQL_SSL="true" \
  -e ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION="false" \
  -e MYSQL_ENABLE_LOGGING="true" \
  -- npx @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

Troubleshooting Claude Code Setup

Server Connection Issues: Use /mcp command in Claude Code to check server status and authenticate if needed.

Path Issues: If using a local repository, ensure Node.js paths are correctly set:

# Find your Node.js path
which node

# For PATH environment variable
echo "$(which node)/../"

# For NODE_PATH environment variable  
echo "$(which node)/../../lib/node_modules"

Permission Errors: Ensure your MySQL user has appropriate permissions for the operations you've enabled.
Server Not Starting: Check Claude Code logs or run the server directly to debug:
```
# Test the server directly
npx @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql
```

Using NPM/PNPM

For manual installation:

# Using npm
npm install -g @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

# Using pnpm
pnpm add -g @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

After manual installation, you'll need to configure your LLM application to use the MCP server (see Configuration section below).

Running from Local Repository

If you want to clone and run this MCP server directly from the source code, follow these steps:

Clone the repository

git clone https://github.com/benborla/mcp-server-mysql.git
cd mcp-server-mysql

Install dependencies
```
npm install
# or
pnpm install
```
Build the project
```
npm run build
# or
pnpm run build
```

Configure Claude Desktop

Add the following to your Claude Desktop configuration file (claude_desktop_config.json):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp_server_mysql": {
      "command": "/path/to/node",
      "args": [
        "/full/path/to/mcp-server-mysql/dist/index.js"
      ],
      "env": {
        "MYSQL_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "3306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASS": "your_password",
        "MYSQL_DB": "your_database",
        "ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION": "false",
        "ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION": "false",
        "ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION": "false",
        "PATH": "/Users/atlasborla/Library/Application Support/Herd/config/nvm/versions/node/v22.9.0/bin:/usr/bin:/bin", // <--- Important to add the following, run in your terminal `echo "$(which node)/../"` to get the path
        "NODE_PATH": "/Users/atlasborla/Library/Application Support/Herd/config/nvm/versions/node/v22.9.0/lib/node_modules" // <--- Important to add the following, run in your terminal `echo "$(which node)/../../lib/node_modules"`
      }
    }
  }
}

Replace:

/path/to/node with the full path to your Node.js binary (find it with which node)
/full/path/to/mcp-server-mysql with the full path to where you cloned the repository
Set the MySQL credentials to match your environment

Test the server
```
# Run the server directly to test
node dist/index.js
```
If it connects to MySQL successfully, you're ready to use it with Claude Desktop.

Components

Tools

mysql_query
- Execute SQL queries against the connected database
- Input: sql (string): The SQL query to execute
- By default, limited to READ ONLY operations
- Optional write operations (when enabled via configuration):
  - INSERT: Add new data to tables (requires ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION=true)
  - UPDATE: Modify existing data (requires ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION=true)
  - DELETE: Remove data (requires ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION=true)
- All operations are executed within a transaction with proper commit/rollback handling
- Supports prepared statements for secure parameter handling
- Configurable query timeouts and result pagination
- Built-in query execution statistics

Resources

The server provides comprehensive database information:

Table Schemas
- JSON schema information for each table
- Column names and data types
- Index information and constraints
- Foreign key relationships
- Table statistics and metrics
- Automatically discovered from database metadata

Security Features

SQL injection prevention through prepared statements
Query whitelisting/blacklisting capabilities
Rate limiting for query execution
Query complexity analysis
Configurable connection encryption
Read-only transaction enforcement

Performance Optimizations

Optimized connection pooling
Query result caching
Large result set streaming
Query execution plan analysis
Configurable query timeouts

Monitoring and Debugging

Comprehensive query logging
Performance metrics collection
Error tracking and reporting
Health check endpoints
Query execution statistics

Configuration

Automatic Configuration with Smithery

If you installed using Smithery, your configuration is already set up. You can view or modify it with:

smithery configure @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql

When reconfiguring, you can update any of the MySQL connection details as well as the write operation settings:

Basic connection settings:
- MySQL Host, Port, User, Password, Database
- SSL/TLS configuration (if your database requires secure connections)
Write operation permissions:
- Allow INSERT Operations: Set to true if you want to allow adding new data
- Allow UPDATE Operations: Set to true if you want to allow updating existing data
- Allow DELETE Operations: Set to true if you want to allow deleting data

For security reasons, all write operations are disabled by default. Only enable these settings if you specifically need Claude to modify your database data.

Advanced Configuration Options

For more control over the MCP server's behavior, you can use these advanced configuration options:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp_server_mysql": {
      "command": "/path/to/npx/binary/npx",
      "args": [
        "-y",
        "@benborla29/mcp-server-mysql"
      ],
      "env": {
        // Basic connection settings
        "MYSQL_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "3306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASS": "",
        "MYSQL_DB": "db_name",
        "PATH": "/path/to/node/bin:/usr/bin:/bin",
        
        // Performance settings
        "MYSQL_POOL_SIZE": "10",
        "MYSQL_QUERY_TIMEOUT": "30000",
        "MYSQL_CACHE_TTL": "60000",
        
        // Security settings
        "MYSQL_RATE_LIMIT": "100",
        "MYSQL_MAX_QUERY_COMPLEXITY": "1000",
        "MYSQL_SSL": "true",
        
        // Monitoring settings
        "ENABLE_LOGGING": "true",
        "MYSQL_LOG_LEVEL": "info",
        "MYSQL_METRICS_ENABLED": "true",
        
        // Write operation flags
        "ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION": "false",
        "ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION": "false",
        "ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION": "false"
      }
    }
  }
}

Environment Variables

Basic Connection

MYSQL_SOCKET_PATH: Unix socket path for local connections (e.g., "/tmp/mysql.sock")
MYSQL_HOST: MySQL server host (default: "127.0.0.1") - ignored if MYSQL_SOCKET_PATH is set
MYSQL_PORT: MySQL server port (default: "3306") - ignored if MYSQL_SOCKET_PATH is set
MYSQL_USER: MySQL username (default: "root")
MYSQL_PASS: MySQL password
MYSQL_DB: Target database name (leave empty for multi-DB mode)

Performance Configuration

MYSQL_POOL_SIZE: Connection pool size (default: "10")
MYSQL_QUERY_TIMEOUT: Query timeout in milliseconds (default: "30000")
MYSQL_CACHE_TTL: Cache time-to-live in milliseconds (default: "60000")

Security Configuration

MYSQL_RATE_LIMIT: Maximum queries per minute (default: "100")
MYSQL_MAX_QUERY_COMPLEXITY: Maximum query complexity score (default: "1000")
MYSQL_SSL: Enable SSL/TLS encryption (default: "false")
ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION: Enable INSERT operations (default: "false")
ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION: Enable UPDATE operations (default: "false")
ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION: Enable DELETE operations (default: "false")
ALLOW_DDL_OPERATION: Enable DDL operations (default: "false")
SCHEMA_INSERT_PERMISSIONS: Schema-specific INSERT permissions
SCHEMA_UPDATE_PERMISSIONS: Schema-specific UPDATE permissions
SCHEMA_DELETE_PERMISSIONS: Schema-specific DELETE permissions
SCHEMA_DDL_PERMISSIONS: Schema-specific DDL permissions
MULTI_DB_WRITE_MODE: Enable write operations in multi-DB mode (default: "false")

Monitoring Configuration

MYSQL_ENABLE_LOGGING: Enable query logging (default: "false")
MYSQL_LOG_LEVEL: Logging level (default: "info")
MYSQL_METRICS_ENABLED: Enable performance metrics (default: "false")

Multi-DB Mode

MCP-Server-MySQL supports connecting to multiple databases when no specific database is set. This allows the LLM to query any database the MySQL user has access to. For full details, see README-MULTI-DB.md.

Enabling Multi-DB Mode

To enable multi-DB mode, simply leave the MYSQL_DB environment variable empty. In multi-DB mode, queries require schema qualification:

-- Use fully qualified table names
SELECT * FROM database_name.table_name;

-- Or use USE statements to switch between databases
USE database_name;
SELECT * FROM table_name;

Schema-Specific Permissions

For fine-grained control over database operations, MCP-Server-MySQL now supports schema-specific permissions. This allows different databases to have different levels of access (read-only, read-write, etc.).

Configuration Example

SCHEMA_INSERT_PERMISSIONS=development:true,test:true,production:false
SCHEMA_UPDATE_PERMISSIONS=development:true,test:true,production:false
SCHEMA_DELETE_PERMISSIONS=development:false,test:true,production:false
SCHEMA_DDL_PERMISSIONS=development:false,test:true,production:false

For complete details and security recommendations, see README-MULTI-DB.md.

Testing

Database Setup

Before running tests, you need to set up the test database and seed it with test data:

Create Test Database and User

-- Connect as root and create test database
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS mcp_test;

-- Create test user with appropriate permissions
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'mcp_test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mcp_test_password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mcp_test.* TO 'mcp_test'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Run Database Setup Script
```
# Run the database setup script
pnpm run setup:test:db
```
This will create the necessary tables and seed data. The script is located in scripts/setup-test-db.ts

Configure Test Environment Create a .env.test file in the project root (if not existing):

MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1
MYSQL_PORT=3306
MYSQL_USER=mcp_test
MYSQL_PASS=mcp_test_password
MYSQL_DB=mcp_test

Update package.json Scripts Add these scripts to your package.json:

{
  "scripts": {
    "setup:test:db": "ts-node scripts/setup-test-db.ts",
    "pretest": "pnpm run setup:test:db",
    "test": "vitest run",
    "test:watch": "vitest",
    "test:coverage": "vitest run --coverage"
  }
}

Running Tests

The project includes a comprehensive test suite to ensure functionality and reliability:

# First-time setup
pnpm run setup:test:db

# Run all tests
pnpm test

Running evals

The evals package loads an mcp client that then runs the index.ts file, so there is no need to rebuild between tests. You can load environment variables by prefixing the npx command. Full documentation can be found here.

OPENAI_API_KEY=your-key  npx mcp-eval evals.ts index.ts

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Connection Issues
- Verify MySQL server is running and accessible
- Check credentials and permissions
- Ensure SSL/TLS configuration is correct if enabled
- Try connecting with a MySQL client to confirm access
Performance Issues
- Adjust connection pool size
- Configure query timeout values
- Enable query caching if needed
- Check query complexity settings
- Monitor server resource usage
Security Restrictions
- Review rate limiting configuration
- Check query whitelist/blacklist settings
- Verify SSL/TLS settings
- Ensure the user has appropriate MySQL permissions
Path Resolution If you encounter an error "Could not connect to MCP server mcp-server-mysql", explicitly set the path of all required binaries:

{
  "env": {
    "PATH": "/path/to/node/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
  }
}

Where can I find my node bin path Run the following command to get it:

For PATH

echo "$(which node)/../"

For NODE_PATH

echo "$(which node)/../../lib/node_modules"

Claude Desktop Specific Issues

If you see "Server disconnected" logs in Claude Desktop, check the logs at ~/Library/Logs/Claude/mcp-server-mcp_server_mysql.log
Ensure you're using the absolute path to both the Node binary and the server script
Check if your .env file is being properly loaded; use explicit environment variables in the configuration
Try running the server directly from the command line to see if there are connection issues

If you need write operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE), set the appropriate flags to "true" in your configuration:

"env": {
  "ALLOW_INSERT_OPERATION": "true",  // Enable INSERT operations
  "ALLOW_UPDATE_OPERATION": "true",  // Enable UPDATE operations
  "ALLOW_DELETE_OPERATION": "true"   // Enable DELETE operations
}

Ensure your MySQL user has the appropriate permissions for the operations you're enabling

For direct execution configuration, use:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp_server_mysql": {
      "command": "/full/path/to/node",
      "args": [
        "/full/path/to/mcp-server-mysql/dist/index.js"
      ],
      "env": {
        "MYSQL_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "3306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASS": "your_password",
        "MYSQL_DB": "your_database"
      }
    }
  }
}

Authentication Issues
- For MySQL 8.0+, ensure the server supports the caching_sha2_password authentication plugin
- Check if your MySQL user is configured with the correct authentication method
- Try creating a user with legacy authentication if needed:
```
CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';
```
  @lizhuangs
I am encountering Error [ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND]: Cannot find package 'dotenv' imported from error try this workaround:

npx -y -p @benborla29/mcp-server-mysql -p dotenv mcp-server-mysql

Thanks to @lizhuangs

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request to https://github.com/benborla/mcp-server-mysql

Many Thanks to the following Contributors:

Development Setup

Clone the repository
Install dependencies: pnpm install
Build the project: pnpm run build
Run tests: pnpm test

Project Roadmap

We're actively working on enhancing this MCP server. Check our CHANGELOG.md for details on planned features, including:

Enhanced query capabilities with prepared statements
Advanced security features
Performance optimizations
Comprehensive monitoring
Expanded schema information

If you'd like to contribute to any of these areas, please check the issues on GitHub or open a new one to discuss your ideas.

Submitting Changes

Fork the repository
Create a feature branch: git checkout -b feature/your-feature-name
Commit your changes: git commit -am 'Add some feature'
Push to the branch: git push origin feature/your-feature-name
Submit a pull request

License

This MCP server is licensed under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.

MySQL Reviews

Reviews feature coming soon

Stay tuned for community discussions and feedback